Fitzgeralds Satirical Portrait of Modern Society :: essays research papers fc

Fitzgerald’s Satirical Portrait of Modern Society      â€Å"The Great Gatsby,† a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald, portrays life in the 1920’s. â€Å"The Thundering Twenties,† an epithet allowed to the decade loaded down with sauciness, is where the rich individuals in the public arena have little to do, and a great deal of cash to spend from numerous points of view. Jay Gatsby, one of the â€Å"newly† rich individuals, decides to go through his cash tossing wild gatherings consistently in the summer. Fitzgerald illustrates current society by expounding on the sumptuous gatherings tossed by Gatsby and the conduct of the visitors who go to them.      When Nick Carraway portrays the scene at Gatsby’s house while getting ready for a gathering, â€Å"At least once a fortnight a corps of food providers came down....On the smorgasbord tables, embellished with shimmering hors d’ oeuvre, spiced prepared hams swarmed against servings of mixed greens of harlequin plans and baked good pigs...In the fundamental lobby a bar with a genuine metal rail....By seven o’clock the symphony has arrived† (44), he recounts the extravagances gave by Gatsby so as to dazzle his visitors. Fitzgerald is deriding the route individuals in the public arena attempt, at extraordinary degrees, to dazzle one another. Gatsby’s indiscreet going through of his cash matches the debauched spending of individuals in current society. One of the â€Å"twins† educates Nick concerning how Gatsby got her a costly outfit, â€Å"When I was here last I tore my outfit on a seat, and he approached me for my name and address-inside seven days I got a bundle from Croirier’s with another night outfit in it,† (47). This shows Gatsby goes through his cash in an excessive way, much like the manner in which present day society goes through cash.      The individuals at Gatsby’s parties regularly remain for a considerable length of time and are excluded. The vast majority of the visitors don’t know Gatsby, not to mention care about him. The loss of habits and narcissism of present day society are exemplified by the manner in which the visitors treat Gatsby, and how they tattle about their host. They force upon his neighborliness and overstay their welcome, â€Å"A man named Klipspringer was there so regularly thus long that he got known as the guest I question on the off chance that he had some other home,† (67). When Gatsby isn't anywhere near, the visitors frequently create tales about his life. â€Å"He’s a peddler. Once he slaughtered a man who had discovered that he was nephew to von Hindenburg and second cousin to the devil,† (65). Gossipy tidbits about his own life circle his parties and develop as his visitors decorate on them.

Aaron Burr Treason Trial Essay Example For Students

Aaron Burr Treason Trial Essay The mid 1800’s were an abnormal time throughout the entire existence of the United States. A nation in its outset, developing, violent, and loaded up with interest where political and monetary fortunes were made and lost for the time being. While the nation was established on respectable ideasand no uncertainty these influential thoughts were taken seriouslyhow such thoughts were to be tried made prolific ground for individual aspiration and enthusiasm to be a more grounded helper than the â€Å"common good†. Indeed, now and again apparently the thoughts were minimal more than vehicles for the individual ambitionsand on account of this storythe individual grudges of incredible characters. Aaron Burr, splendid, driven, and an extraordinary speaker, was surely overwhelming. What's more, his fights with Thomas Jeffersonno less an emotional figurelead at long last to his preliminary for conspiracy against the United States. This preliminary was the perfection of an individu al political fight between two incredible figures where Jefferson would persevere relentlessly to devastate Burr†¦even on the off chance that it implied mishandling the rules that he himself help revere as the reason for the United States. This preliminary, and the former occasions, are the subject of this paper. Checking on the realities delineates that the preliminary was extremely progressively about a feud between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr than the law. Aaron Burr was conceived in 1756 and was one of the rising stars of the new republic. A rising star many felt made certain to be the President of the youthful nation and to be a recognized one at that. Burr’s strife with Jefferson started when they tied for the presidential appointment of 1800. The political decision at that point went to the House of Representatives where Burr dismissed Federalist suggestions for an alliance, however didn't openly bolster giving the Presidency to Jefferson. Burr felt that a political race ought not be won through alliances and he was particularly mad about working with the Federalists. Burr, presumptuous, certain and confiding in the ‘rightness’ of his position, put forth no attempt to convince congress to his side. Then again, Jefferson immediately settled arrangements with a large number of the Federalist congressmen to guarantee their votes and thusly won the administration. During a few statements following the political race it turned out to be obvious to the open that Jefferson had worked with the Federalists so as to make sure about the political decision. An originator and the pioneer of the Republicans had, at long last, agreed with the resistance so as to protect his own presidential triumph. This political moving to guarantee his political race made Jefferson look artful and self-serving, and left a suffering dark spot on his notoriety that was rarely evacuated. Jefferson legitimately accused Burr, and he would doubt and detest Burr for an incredible remainder. A dear companion of Jefferson even pronounced, â€Å"that this fixed the predetermination of Colonel Burr†¦ Mr. Jefferson’s harm toward Colonel Burr never stopped yet with his last breathe.† In the end, the political race closed with Jefferson as President and Burr as Vice President. Their own hostility just deteriorated while they had to cooperate in the White House. Jefferson at long last expelled Burr from the Republi can ticket during his re-appointment. After this Burr would endeavor to run for the governorship of New York, however through smart arranging by Alexander Hamilton he would lose this political decision. This would result in the scandalous double of respect among Burr and Hamilton, in which Hamilton was lethally shot by Burr. Needed for homicide in two states, Burr would then be compelled to escape toward the west. Consequently started the last part of his aggressive vocation. Burr was just about fifty when he showed up in the West just because. He was astonished by the measure of untamed land and receptiveness of the western fields, however was generally intrigued by the mind blowing segregation . His characteristic appeal and incredible stylistic aptitude would work well for him in this untamed land. His uncanny capacity to influence little and huge gatherings alikein a land where outsized thoughts and aspirations appeared the request for the daywould help him out and about ahead. Burr came west with no reasonable thought what to do. He figured he may just revamp his legitimate profession, conjecture in land, and look for open office. Or then again perhaps build a trench around the Falls of the Ohio. In any case, such thoughts didn’t very fit with a man who had been so near the Presidency of the Republic. It isn't known precisely where the thought for an intrigue originated from, yet on April 29, 1805 Burr disclosed his arrangement to lead an upset in Mexico (still a province of Spain) over supper with Herman Blennerhassett. Blennerhassett was a rich landowner who lived on a 300-section of land island on the Ohio River and Burr understood that for this intend to succeed it would require a lot of cash, men and different assets . Be that as it may, Blennerhassett wasn’t much for amazing outside experiences and Burr in the long run chose a technique of cheating Britain and Spain into giving him the cash and the soldiers he expected to change Mexico . This was troublesome from the beginning, particularly since the Spaniards controlled Mexico at that point. Burr’s plan was to deceive both Britain and Spain, disclosing to them he was attempting to tear the United States down the middle, east from west. Yet, rather than separating the nation he expected rather to utilize the cash and troops from Spain and Britain to attack Mexico. He plot the initial segment of his technique in a letter to Anthony Merry, the British pastor to the US, and Don Carlos Yrujo, the Spanish priest to the US on January first, 1806. This letter in the long run wound up in the hands of president Jefferson, and would turn into a significant piece of the prosecution’s body of evidence against Burr in his preliminary for treachery. Burr kept up that he never had any goal of submitting treasonâ€it was basically a stratagem against two nations that were not especially mainstream in the US around then. Since it was notable around then that to sub mit treachery you needed to really submit a clear demonstration of injustice, not just arrangement one, Burr asserted (later) that his methodology was a sensible one. Burr’s fantastic arrangement started to bomb when he understood he was unable to get the assets he required without the assistance of both Yrujo and Merry. The two priests had, obscure to Burr, found his actual expectations. This left Burr urgent for reserves and with no place else to turn aside from the east bank of the United States (where he was as yet needed for murder†¦though no one appeared to be especially keen on arraigning him). Not long after his appearance bits of gossip started to spread that Burr was attempting to part the East from the West. Jefferson, having gotten a letter about Burr’s offer to Yrujo and Merry, immediately made an open declaration proclaiming that he had educated of a scheme to part the nation and that everybody related with it should separate themselves as quickly as time permits (however he never referenced Burr’s name). Inside a few days the scheme was broken. A quarter of a year later, on January 22nd, 1806, President Jefferson gave a unique message to congress saying, â€Å"Aaron Burr was the ‘arch conspirator’ in a treasonous undertaking to isolate the nation.† Although Jefferson gave no proof as of now, Burr’s notoriety was destroyed and open assessment would be against him for an incredible remainder. There were a few significant backstabbers who helped Burr with his arrangement. The most significant, and a key observer later in the preliminary against Burr, was General James Wilkinson. General Wilkinson was a degenerate and narrow minded government official who was continually ready to offer himself to the most elevated bidder. In 1787 Wilkinson swore loyalty to the Spanish crown so as to get the elite benefit to sell Kentucky produce in the city of Louisiana. He would later attempt to isolate Kentucky from Virginia, with the possibility that after accomplishing statehood Kentucky would not join the United States, however would be sans left to make arrangements with its Spanish neighbors. This episode is known as the Spanish Conspiracy and it possibly turns out to be all the more implicating when it was found that Wilkinson was accepting $2,000 per year from the Spanish government. After this Wilkinson would join the military and after just eight years, become the positioning general. Now the Spanish government was paying him $16,000 for his â€Å"services†. It might be that the degenerate Wilkinson was the main genuine swindler in this story†¦but he hadn’t made Thomas Jefferson his own adversary. Wilkinson’s job in Burr’s plan was to lead Burr’s armed force of soldiers of fortune against Mexico. In return, Burr would assist Wilkinson with turning out to be legislative head of the Louisiana domain (which he did) and repay him with lands pick ed up from Mexico. When Burr’s plan was revealed, and Wilkinson discovered that President Jefferson had known about the plot, he immediately composed Jefferson a letter conceding everything planning to pick up reimbursement in return for affirming against Burr. Jefferson previously caught wind of Burr’s plan on December first, 1805. In any case, for an entire year he didn't do anything. This has driven numerous students of history to accept that Jefferson may have been engaged with a plot to really outline Burr. It wasn’t until Jefferson got a letter from the postmaster general on October sixteenth, 1806, (expressing that Burr’s plan was to part the nation) that Jefferson made the declaration cautioning individuals to remove themselves from the connivance. Jefferson trusted that in making a moderate declaration, and that by not referencing Burr legitimately, that he could trap Burr in a progressively plain demonstration of conspiracy that could be better indicted. Anyway by January 22nd, 1807, Jefferson felt that he had assembled appropriate proof to convict Burr and he conveyed his message to congress blaming Burr for being the ‘arch-conspirator’ in a Western pl

Roller coaster project Essay Example for Free

Crazy ride venture Essay The batman rollercoaster is an extraordinary, exciting rollercoaster. The batman rollercoaster was presented 1997 and, 2,700 feet in length! The first establishment of the ride is at Six Flags Great America highlighted a most extreme stature of 100 feet while the establishments to follow arrived at 105 feet. The rides arrive at a top speed of 50 miles for each hour and apply up to multiple times the power of gravity. Potential vitality, motor vitality, Newton’s laws of movement and the plan of the batman rollercoaster capacities. At the point when you first beginning off you go up this huge slope, you are expanding your potential vitality, and when you arrive at the top you’re at most extreme potential vitality. At that point when you begin to surge down the opposite side of the slope you transform that potential vitality into motor vitality. Gravity is the power that pushes you down the slope. At that point you’re going to go in a circle, when you’re at the base of the circle your active and potential vitality is about the equivalent since you about utilized portion of your potential vitality from descending the from the slope. When you’re halfway through the circle you have somewhat increasingly potential vitality since you’ve gone up a slope and when you are descending from the circle you utilize that potential vitality. At that point you go down another slope and that builds your active vitality and diminishes your potential vitality. At that point you begin experiencing these turns witch eases back you down in light of all the erosion. At that point, unfortunately, you are finished with this terrific ride. Newton’s laws of movement influence how the rollercoaster capacities. Newton’s first law of movement expresses that each item in a condition of movement will in general stay in that condition of movement except if an outer power is applied to it. The rollercoaster will continue going down the slope at a similar steady speed if this was false. Rubbing is the outer power that eases back the rollercoaster down. Newton’s second law of movement expresses that the speeding up of an article relies upon the mass of the item and the measure of power applied. Consider the plan, witch we will discuss later, it is a chain lift rollercoaster. In the event that everyone that rode on the rollercoaster had a mass of 200 kg the rollercoaster would be more slow except if there was more power from the chain-lifts. Newton’s third law of movement expresses that at whatever point one article applies a power on a subsequent item, the second objectâ exerts an equivalent and inverse power on the first. Consider the outfit that you wear and the seat that you’re sitting in, when pushing against them they are additionally pushing back on you. The plan associates everything that an exciting ride does. The structure of the rollercoaster is a chain lift. In the start of the ride you can see the chain that lifts the exciting ride trucks. On the off chance that the architects forgot about that the exciting ride would not work right. Like I said before the more mass the individuals on the rollercoaster has the more power it takes to quicken them. In the event that the chains were there however shorter the rollercoaster would not have enough potential vitality to finish the track. Potential vitality, Kinetic vitality, Newton’s laws of movement, and the plan of the batman thrill ride influence how it capacities. Reference Page By: Stephen Morris

Is Corruption A Rampant Issue Essay - 1454 Words

Today in modern society, it is not unheard for high-ranking government officials and large societal figure head to take part in the occasional corruption scandal. With convictions ranging from the FIFA organization to the United States president, it is hard to believe that the global community is still intact. Though there are certain types of corruption accepted by a small number of countries, the overwhelming global majority agrees that corruption is a rampant issue which needs to be rectified. Acts of corruption only follow with negative consequences towards the whole of society and therefore must be combatted with a series of preventative measures such as education, law enforcement, and global organizations in order to maintain order and equality. Firstly, what is the definition of corruption? Historically, the word was used to indicate a moral impurity, but as civilizations and cultures progressed, so did the boundaries and extent of corruption. Due to the complexity of this iss ue, there is no single definition, but one of the most widely accepted versions states that, â€Å"Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain† (Holmes, Leslie p.2). This definition is regularly used by the World Bank and other organizations with the intent to encompass a large number of scenarios to identify the highest number of possible cases of corruption (Holmes p.2). Ironically, the premise of defining words falls under the responsibility of education and as result of the lackShow MoreRelatedThe During World War II1567 Words   |  7 Pagesinfrastructure had been destroyed during the war, including electricity and water supply systems, telephone services, as well as the harbor facilities at the Port of Singapore. There was also a shortage of food leading to malnutrition, disease, and rampant crime and violence. High food prices, unemployment, and workers discontent culminated into a series of strikes in 1947 causing massive stoppages in public transpor t and other services. By late 1947, the economy began to recover, facilitated by aRead MoreEssay on Corruption in Africa524 Words   |  3 PagesMany unsolved problems in many African countries, but the issue of the rise of corruption are disturbing, and the amends it has done to the polity are vast. The fear of fraud leads to restrict movement of documents in offices, slow traffic on the highways, port congestion, ghost workers syndrome, queues at passport offices, police extortion tollgates and gas stations, vote irregularities among others. Even the nutty people on the road remember the devastation caused by bribery - the funds allocatedRead MoreGrand Corruption ‘Consists Of Acts Committed At A High1522 Words   |  7 PagesGrand corruption ‘consists of acts committed at a high level of government that distort policies or the central functioning of the state, enabling leaders to benefit at the expense of the public good’. Grand corruption represents a very d angerous social phenomenon plaguing Nigeria since the colonial era, which legal and institutional efforts to combat it over the years have taken many forms. However, the persistence of grand corruption in Nigeria arguably infringes on the realisation of certainRead MorePolice Brutality And Corruption Of Public Order1718 Words   |  7 Pagesis used for corrupt purpose outside of their duty it is considered police brutality. While police brutality may seem only rampant in the United States, it effects Russians equally. The question is why are the police in these two countries so powerful that they can go against their duty and still not be punished? The research done will explain the police brutality and corruption that occurs in the two countries, why it happens, and how it effects the citizens trust of their government In both theRead MoreThe Absolute Biggest Threat That Our World Faces Today Is Global Mass Corruption Essay1512 Words   |  7 Pagesbiggest threat that our world faces today is global mass corruption. A comprehensive report suggests that Afghanistan, Somalia, and North Korea are among worst regions in terms of corruption. Transparency International is the firm in which has established the Corruption Perceptions Index. The index is based on the collaborated global professional opinion of many intellects in order to define the measured perceived levels of public sector corruption. The score a nation receives in the report determineRead MoreThe First Nations Peoples Of Canada1442 Words   |  6 Pagesthe current state of affairs surrounding reserves that First Nations live on, the poor quality of life and lack of education, along with prevalent corruption among chiefs and leaders; aboriginals are not ready to govern themselves. The First Nation Financial Transparency Act, which received Royal Assent on March 27, 2013, exposed the severe corruption that was taking place on reserves all over the country. The act â€Å"requires that 581 First Nations, defined as an Indian band under the Indian Act, makeRead MoreThe Central Park Five1248 Words   |  5 Pagescharacteristics of other career fields, but it also has unique responsibilities that deal with conduct and behavior. The PBS documentary: The Central Park Five, demonstrates two of the most common misconduct issues that the criminal justice professionals deal with noble cause and noble cause corruption. The film investigates the miscarriage of justice of four Black and one Latino teenager from Harlem, who were wrongly convicted of the brutal beating and rape of a white woman in New York Citys CentralRead MoreCrime And Its Effects On The Economy1244 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The rampant crime in major cities such as Baltimore Maryland, Oakland California, and Detroit, Michigan has reached an all time high and the rates are going up with celerity. With many cities such as Detroit that have strong financial problems and few law enforcement officers on the street, how is it that the crime rate can be reduced. With drug rates and gang violence flooding large urban communities, it has become increasingly hard to break the cycle of crime throughout the followingRead MoreThe Prevelence of Corruption in Various Facets of Todays Society852 Words   |  4 PagesCorruption refers to the use of public goods or power for the benefit of an individual or a group of people. Referring to what the definition says, a corruption situation could occur in an organization that is actively handling money, and the people who are responsible of managing it within the institution take advantage of it for personal purposes. Corruption is a problem that occurs worldwide but it is more common in some countries than in others. It is more likely to happen in poorer countriesRead MoreIs Corruption A World Issue?1397 Words   |  6 Pagesof this paper was to research a global issue which, from our opinion was affecting the world and divulge as much of that information as possible to be able to share with the class as well as make an informed monologue about said topic. My topic of choice is corruption. â€Å"A world Issue can be defined as a situation or problem that occurs on a global scale that has long lasting impacts and requires a complex solution† (World Issues class 2015-2016). Corruption definitely occurs on a global scale. Not

Early Childhood Education Training Program Essay - 1576 Words

Running head: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING PROGRAM 1 Early Childhood Education Training Program for New Parents Heather Bakker Aspen University EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING PROGRAM 2 Abstract The following plan was designed to teach new parents about how a child develops. The training will be broken up into three different parts. The first part will explain what developmentally appropriate practice is and the characteristics present when it is done successfully. The second section will discuss child development. The ideas of three different theorists will be presented to the parents. The final section will discuss various milestones their children will go through. The final section will include a hands-on component, allowing parents to see some of what they have learned first hand. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING PROGRAM 3 Section 1: Developmentally appropriate practice and characteristics Powerpoint presentation Part 1 Developmentally appropriate practice is when curriculum is based on, â€Å"...an in-depth understanding of child development and learning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Henniger p. 88). There are three main aspects to focus on when discussing developmentally appropriateShow MoreRelatedThis Chapter Will Provide The Theoretical Framework For1281 Words   |  6 PagesThis chapter will provide the theoretical framework for training teachers for family engagement followed by a current and comprehensive literature review of: (1) Importance of family engagement, (2) Family engagement and educational equity, (3) Current state of teacher preparation for family engagement, (4) Teachers’ beliefs and attitudes towards family engagement, and (5) Best practices for teacher preparation. Following the literature review, the summary at the end of the chapter will proposeRead MoreProfessional Development in Early Childhood Education Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pagestheir early childhood development are teacher professionals who have a passion and a genuine desire to help them learn, grow and succeed in their education. These are just a few roles that early childhood educators plays in the field of early childhood education for working with young children in their early childhood years of life, which the requirements, most of the time, are to have both a formal education and passing teacher-certification score. The National Association for Education of YoungRead MoreEarly Childhood Education : Children s Understanding And Development Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesEarly childhood education typically pertains to the education of children who range in age from babies to kindergarten age. This does not start and end inside the class room. Early childhood training is debatably the most crucial phase of educational development as it is from this cornerstone that future development and learning happen. High quality programs need to incorporate teaching in reading capabilities, motor skills, vocabulary and communication abilities. This will create substantial benefitsRead MoreThe Position Of Coordinator Early Childhood Education753 Words   |  4 PagesCoordinator-Early Childhood Education. In the next paragraphs, I would like to give you a short history of how I have grown professionally since I became an Early Childhood Education Professional. The paragraphs will also highlight my professional accomplishments and state the reason why I am seeking a position with Washington Unified School District. 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Core message There are many benefits from improving quality in Early Child Education services and the trade-off between affordability and quality in these services should not determine the efficiency of this improvement. Even though this latter issue (affordability versus quality) comes to reality and associated dollar cost might impact on families’ budget, it should be explain benefits from this kind of actionsRead MoreThe State Of Georgia Have Quality Early Childhood Education1447 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Purpose The purpose of this policy is to ensure that all children in the state of Georgia have quality Early Childhood Programs that are accessible, affordable, comprehensive, and sustainable. Crafting strategic and thoughtful policy in the forefront will ensure the academic achievement, social development and future success of the state’s youth. †¢ Scope This policy will aim to address the social, academic and general health needs of all children from birth to the age of 8 years in the state ofRead MoreEarly Childhood Teacher And A Psychologist1525 Words   |  7 Pages3 2. Job Description 7-5 2.1. Early Childhood Teacher 4 2.1.1 Tasks 5 2.1.2. Personal Requirements 5 2.1.3. Education and Training 5 2.2. Psychologist 5-7 2.2.1 Tasks 5 2.2.2. Personal Requirements 6 2.2.3. Education and Training 7 3. My Personal Skills, Attributes and Values 7-8 3.1. Skills 7 3.2. Attributes 7 3.3. Values 8 4. Which Job Do I Suit Better? 8 Contentsâ€Æ' 1. Introduction Two jobs that I have always been extremely interested in include, an early childhood teacher and a psychologist. IRead MoreCharacteristics Of A High Quality Program1203 Words   |  5 Pages When researching early childhood programs, it’s important to look for characteristics of a high quality program. Components and characteristics of a high-quality program include, but are not limited to: a curriculum that is developmentally appropriate; teachers with adequate training; a safe environment; small group size and low adult to child ratios; and communication between parents and teachers (Schuyler Center for Analysis and Advocacy, 2012). Developmentally appropriate curriculum means usingRead MoreThe Goals Of Youth Engagement Services865 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessional and government organizations, educational institutions, and advocacy groups provide a vast array of advice, materials, training, and other support, both for parents of young children and for teachers, caregivers , and directors working with young children and their families (Wardle 2013). Our communities provide resources for families and early care and education programs to support children’s development that are both local and web-based. As educators, it is important to inform families of these

Analysis Of Andy And Nora s Play Out If They Were From...

How would each character’s story play out if they were in the 21st century United States? Andy and Nora both faced the struggles of identity, gender roles, sexist rhetoric, and suppressed rights. Two different time periods, however they are still different to present day. Of course, there are still many issues and mindsets that need to be mended, one can only wonder what their lives might be like if they were in the United States of America in modern times. From social issues to political issues many similarities and contrasting norms could be observed from the different time periods represented. Also affecting character and setting changes in both stories, even though they are of completely different country origins,†¦show more content†¦If Nora could even make it to the US she would have to wait several decades for the right to vote or open a bank account without her husband’s permission. However a wider range of job and career opportunities could be in her grasps with her independence from being trapped inside a dolls house. Andy is closer to our time-period, but there are still sexist attitudes that aren’t as prevalent as today. She is trying to be one of the guys but they have a tough time just respecting her presence. â€Å"I still don’t know why she’s coming† (Kaplan 141). Having a grown adult not approve of your efforts to join the group seems very discouraging. Especially since they are almost triple your size and age. Even though she does not have such a high reputation as these seasoned hunters, she still deserves a chance. Hunting for women in that time period had just begun taking off as a sport and inclusivity was the main hurdle they had to deal with. Andy’s story did take place in the US in a more contemporary 80 s setting. However, that does not mean there still were not issues with women’s rights still needing to be resolved. New/emerging programs and opportunities were in being attacked Outspoken anti-feminists were appointed to the judiciary and placed in charge of civil rights enforcement; social programs benefiting poor women were cut or abandoned; and reproductive choice was openly opposed. For the New Feminist Movement, the major

Ethical Dilemma of Artificial Intelligent Samples for Students

Question: Write a Business Report Providing an Ethical Analysis of a Project Management Case Study. Answer: Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) has always raised many ethical dilemmas, the notion that a machine can produce the same thinking and reasoning as a human being is both a critical and challenging endeavour. As humans we are designed to preserve life at all costs while the machines will analyse the situation to develop the least harmful outcome. These analyses could lead to serious consequences especially for the motoring industry where a self-driving car could risk the life of the owner in an attempt the save the lives of others (Bostrom Yudkowsky, 2011). The case study under consideration raises similar ethical dilemmas where the consultant is forced to make a decision between extending the capabilities of the AI system and losing to the competition. Now, this report will analyse this scenario while providing an ethical response to the situation while consulting the acclaimed ACS Code of professional conduct. The Dilemma To extend the AI capabilities and adaptabilities, John (the AI consultant) must extend the time spent on modelling the cars response to different accidents scenarios. However, as expected this outcome is going to affect the companys product release dates which in effect will give the rival companies a competitive edge. John could forego the extra modelling tests in an attempt to beat the competition but this risk lives. Therefore, the ethical dilemma, extend the modelling time and risk losing the financial/economic battle or fails to extend it and wins the competition however with a risk of losing lives in the future through accidents. Ethical response based on consequences When integrated self-driving cars are set to be part or members of the functioning society thus must have the reasoning capabilities to decide what is right and wrong (Burton, Goldsmith, Koeing, Kuipers, Mattei Walsh, 2017). Ultimately, the vehicle will have to make a life-defining decision which according to the AI consultant still requires further testing. Therefore, a release to the market holds grave consequences to human life. As the consultant, John holds all responsibility for the vehicles outcome particularly when a negative outcome is observed. He stands to lose his credibility if frequent accidents are observed and more so if they are caused by his decision to stop further modelling. Moreover, he is liable to legal suits if lives are lost as he willingly let the vehicles into the market despite the foreseeable consequences. On the other hand, the customers unknowingly will risk their lives while using the newly designed technology. Yes, the technology does present considerable benefits such as time efficiency but these outcomes are based on the presumption that the intelligent system can make better decisions than humans (Bostrom, 2011). As a customer, a user will surrender all control to the tested system placing his/her life to the AI. Consequently, they risk their lives and that of other in the process. Ethical response based on principles John as the AI consultant is obligated to perform his duties using an upright moral code, this because his decisions directly affect the outcome of the intelligent system (Wah, 2008). Morally, he holds a professional responsibility to provide an honest assessment of the situation and devise the appropriate action regardless of the financial outcomes. Essentially, this is the largest temptation that the consultant faces as there are no auditing features done nor are there rules or guidelines to gauge his progress. Therefore, choosing to extend the modelling process clearly, falls within his domain. Moreover, his hired to provide his professional advice based on his years as an AI expert more so in technical design, which means he must provide a credible opinion regardless of the clients (company) demands. Therefore, his obligated to extend the modelling of the vehicles AI system if needed. Furthermore, he must exercise patience and consider the actual customers at hand, not the car company but the future owners of the vehicles. Ethical response of a caring person Empathy generally guides a caring individual who feels the desire to promote self-responsibility when dealing with other people. Therefore, in the given scenario a caring person would put the needs of others before those of his own and also those of the company. In response, as the AI consultant, the individual would extend the time spent on the modelling of the car to meet the maximum if not minimal accident assessment requirements. Moreover, they would feel obliged to convey their assessment to the customers in an attempt to safeguard their lives. Furthermore, their concerns would have little to do with the financial outcomes of the project choosing to delay it in effect losing to the competition. ACS Code of Professional Conduct ACS codes are meant to uphold and honour dignity while dealing with any professional work. Our chosen case study outlines a serious ethical dilemma that can as well be related to ACS codes which would facilitate a better decision. Moreover, from Johns requirements, his supposed to offer the best and most efficient solution (AI related) but with the adherence to the proper professional code. Now, lets examine the ACS codes (relevant codes) and how they relate to this case study. Public interest According to this code, a profession should place his primary focus on the interests of the public. Therefore, for the ethical dilemma at hand, the AI consultant should extend his modelling phase even though it contradicts the deployment phase. This outcome will without a doubt safeguard the interest of the public. Honesty These codes calls for an honest representation of an individuals profession including skills, information, and service delivery. Its Johns opinion that the designed intelligent system fails to meet the accident modelling requirements. He must be true to this code to safeguard the safety of the public. Competence a profession should conduct his role diligently to meet the mandates set by his stakeholders. This code further exhibits the dilemma at hand, on one hand, the AI consultant must serve the interest of the company (deploy before the competition does) however, he also holds a responsibility for the public who are also stakeholders in the designed vehicle. Professionalism This code calls for enhancement and improvement of the ACS codes. Therefore, to stay true to his profession, John must employ the ACS codes by enacting a solution that serves the interest of the public while satisfying those of his employers. (ACS, 2014) Ethical defence John requires the approval of the companys CEO in order to conduct the accident modelling. Furthermore, this process will require additional resources most of which will be time, a resource that the company cannot afford. Therefore, in the off chance the modelling is approved the company risk losing their business both from the investment already made and from the additional resource requirement. As a consequence, the company risk losing its clientele which may cause other problems including the extreme which would be bankruptcy. Moreover, personally, John risks losing his job as a consultant in the company which can also extend to other affiliated organisations. In essence, John will hold both a personal and professional responsibility in meeting the desires of his employers even though they contradict his own. Furthermore, his obliged not only by his ethical standards but also by those of the ACS to meet the set mandate. Therefore, John must respect the wishes of his employers and pass the components of the car in order to fulfil his professional mandate. Summary Based on this analysis, one party in the case study stands to lose i.e. either the company or the public. Moreover, the outcome depends on the AI consultant who has to devise an intelligent system that meets his customer desires. Ethically, his obligated by both his immediate employer (company) and extended employers who are the public (companys customers). The company stand to lose financially where extra resources will be spent on modelling ventures in addition to the loss of customers. However, the anticipated loss on behalf of the public graver than that of the company as a lot of people will risk their lives in the newly designed cars. Therefore, John should critically analyse the situation and offer a true assessment of the possible outcomes regardless of the opinions held by the CEO. He should stay true to his profession while exhibiting empathy and good ethical/moral standards. Yes, the company stands to lose however, financial ramifications are far too inferior as compared to the loss of lives. Moreover, in case he approves the already designed components (despite the faults) the company stands to lose in the future when the worse possible outcomes eventually occur. Therefore, by siding with the public interest he not only does the right thing but also safeguards the future interest of the company. References ACS. (2014). ACS Code of Professional Conduct Professional Standards Board Australian Computer Society. Inspiring success. Retrieved 24 April, 2017, from: https://www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/acs-documents/ACS%20Code-of-Professional-Conduct_v2.1.pdf Bostrom. N. (2011). Ethical Issues in Advanced Artificial Intelligence. Philosophy Faculty. Retrieved 24 April, 2017, from: https://www.nickbostrom.com/ethics/ai.pdf Bostrom. N Yudkowsky. E. (2011). The ethics of artificial intelligence. Cambridge Handbook Of Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved 24 April, 2017, from: https://www.nickbostrom.com/ethics/artificial-intelligence.pdf Burton. E, Goldsmith. J, Koenig. S, Kuipers. B, Mattei. N Walsh. T. (2017). Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence Courses. Retrieved 24 April, 2017, from: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1701.07769.pdf Wah. B. (2008). Ethics and professional responsibility in computing. Wiley encyclopaedia of computer science and engineering. Retrieved 24 April, 2017, from: https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/12247/ecse909.pdf?sequence=2

With Millions Of Dollars In Merchandising And Television Contracts At Essay Example For Students

With Millions Of Dollars In Merchandising And Television Contracts At Essay stake, colleges have a lot of money riding on the recruitment, education, and performance?both on and off the field of college athletes. Colleges lure the athletes to their school, and make sure they meet the eligibility requirements when there. In order for athletes to be eligible to play in college they must attain a minimum of a 2.0 GPA in 11 designated courses, and earn a combined 700 on the SATs. Athletes must also meet the schools requirements, normally a 2.0 GPA. With so much at stake, some colleges often go too far, by providing players with personal tutors, who often do work for the players, and pressuring teachers and administrators to look the other way when athletes fail. The NCAA also bars players from receiving any compensation, except scholarships for their play. However, there are many incidences of players receiving other sorts of compensation. There are many violations of athletic department officials and trustees giving players money, or gifts, ranging from clothin g to cars. Colleges have also been known to give gifts to players just to get them to attend their institution, a practice that is much harder to trace because the student is not enrolled at the school. This has an effect on the psyche of the athletes; more incidences of sexual abuse and other crimes by athletes are arising every year. Even though the NCAA strictly prohibits all of these things from going on, it seems every year another school is violating them. These rules are not stringent enough both academically and socially for the players. The last major change to these rules came in 1989 with the passage of Proposition 42. We will write a custom essay on With Millions Of Dollars In Merchandising And Television Contracts At specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This rule change closed a loophole in a proposition passed in 1983. The 1983 proposition, known as Proposition 42, required that, beginning in 1986, all athletes must earn a minimum of a 2.0 in eleven designated high school courses, and earn a minimum score of 700 on their SATs. However, there was a loophole in this regulation. If they did not earn these minimums players could still enroll in the university, under full scholarship, not play or practice with the team, but earn their minimum GPA and then play the next year without ever having met the initial requirements. In an article written for The New Republic in May 1986, Malcolm Gladwell criticizes Proposition 48 and the effects it will have on college sports. Citing many examples of foul play at colleges, ranging from teachers being fired at the University of Georgia in 1982 for not giving preferential treatment to athletes, to players being arrested for rape at the University of Minnesota and their coach stating he could not s et realistic disciplinary standards?much less academic standards?for fear of losing recruits, Gladwell states, Big time athletic competition is far more important than education at many major public universities, and nothing is likely to change that (13). He identifies the main problem with proposition 48, citing Berkeley sociologist Harry Edwards, The big universities will simply keep a separate roster of first year ineligible athletes along with their regular players(16). The amount of money a school has will determine how many non-qualifying players they can lure to their schools with scholarships. This is the reason for the passing of proposition 42, which bars colleges from giving scholarships to incoming freshmen that do not meet the requirements. Consequently, many people feel that these tougher regulations will lead to more cheating. If that is the case, than more severe punishments should be installed to deter this behavior. A side effect of proposition 48 is that, many of the athletes that attend these schools on basketball and football scholarships are from low-income families that cannot afford to pay tuition to large universities. It is these people that will lose out if the colleges cannot find another way of paying for them. This in effect will lead to more cheating, like colleges helping prospective students secure government grants and loans, but this is not always enough. They may have to have trustees pay for some of their education, or may be outright given money by the schools. And this is for athletes who do not meet the requirements. What about the athletes that do meet them, what are they given? The top athletes in the country know they can get scholarships from many schools, so what else are these top schools willing to give them? At the least, these athletes receive preferential treatment. With so many of the countries top basketball and football players, some with criminal records, coming from lower class communities, where does this preferential treatment stop? There are many cases of college athletes violating the law and someone looking the other way. There has never been a better example of widespread athletics corruption than the University of Minnesota. .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 , .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .postImageUrl , .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 , .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6:hover , .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6:visited , .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6:active { border:0!important; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6:active , .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6 .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0875bb46ed31e1c2cf140159f4190be6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: America Paper EssayThe scandals at the University of Minnesota are so important because they were not isolated incidents, but rather operations that had gone on for years before being uncovered. After the 1986 scandal when three basketball players were accused of rape, the team was accused of over forty violations and put on probation; merely put on probation for forty rules violations? Then, in 1989, Luther Darville, acting coordinator of the schools office of minority affairs was uncovered as having given money to players. According to Steve Wulf, a staff writer for Sports Illustrated, Darville is alleged to have siphoned money from the minority affairs office from 1983 to 88 and to have doled some of it out to 17 students, including nine athletes, in need of cash(13). This is a person who is not even in the athletics department. This shows the dedication some large schools have to keeping their athletes satisfied. The article goes on to state that, According to Valdez Baylor, a former tailback on the Gopher football team, Go see Luther was the catchphrase among minority athletes in need he received as much as $5,000 over six years from Darville(13). Baylors account leads me to believe that Darvilles activities were much more widespread than 17 students. The University of Minnesotas actions do not end there. In March of 1999 more issues concerning cover-ups were exposed. In the Chronicle of Higher Education, Welch Suggs provides an account of the next chapter in the declination of the University of Minnesota. According to the President of the University, Mark G. Yudof, Jan Ganglehoffa secretary in the departments academic-services office, completed more than 100 class assignments for as many as 20 basketball players during a five-year period (A41). The article goes on to state the school may have stepped in on the reports of two dozen sexual misconduct cases, against tutors and other women on campus, in order to protect the athletes involved. Many colleges cater to these students, giving them money, clothing, and other material possessions. After time, the athletes come to expect these things. Athletic departments are primarily self funded, so if they dont have winning teams, they dont make any money. Consequently, the more the teams win the more money the schools and athletic departments make. Therefore, schools and coaches are willing to take a risk on athletes that have a background of bad behavior, if that person will make a difference on the field. Athletes that attend these big universities expect the universities to do everything for them, and they are more than often correct. These institutions are willing to do anyth ing for them. It is the case know, that many institutions are being caught for covering up crimes that athletes have committed in order for the athletes to remain eligible. Jeffrey R. Benedict in an article entitled, Colleges Must Act Decisively When Scholarship Athletes Run Afoul of the Law, points out that, male athletes?who make up only three percent of all male students?were accused of nineteen percent of sexual assaults and 35 thirty-five percent of the cases of domestic violence that were reported to campus officials by female students(B6). Benedict goes on to note that, an extremely small percentage of student athletes are accused of criminal acts, but it also appears that many of those who are accused have had previous trouble with the law(B7). The NCAA lets colleges determine the disciplinary actions that should take place if an athlete commits a crime. This allows the institutions to take as little action as they want in dealing with the students. It is common that students remain eligible while their trials are going on. The coaches and athletic departments are so eager to win that they will let criminals play for their teams. The athletes at these large universities receive so much, and are so looked up to in the community they feel untouchable. Furthermore, it is the coaches and boosters, so intent on winning, who commit the illegal activities and encouraging the athletes, not directly, but by their own example, into wanting more and getting away with more. These athletes are not being punished for the acts that they commit. The athletes therefore, believe that they can get away with anything. So what can be done to end the insanity that college athletics has become?There are many proposals, from a number of institutions and organizations, for further rule changes by the NCAA. One, originated by Joe B. Wyatt, chancellor of Vanderbilt University, and explained in his article Our Moral Duty to Clean Up College Athletics has been forwarded to the NCAA and is now under review. These regulations are simple, if an athlete does not leave a college in good academic standing, the college would lose a scholarship spot until the date the departed athlete would have graduated (A56). Also, the athletes who transfer would not be able to play until they earn academic eligibility. Now, athletes who are in trouble academically can transfer and play immediately. If athletes who do not meet academic requirements cannot play when they transfer, colleges would be more reluctant to accept them. This would ensure they kept their grades up. These are not the only rule changes that need to take place. In an April 22nd article for Newsweek, Pete Axhelm believes rules must come down harder on coaches and boosters for cheating. He maintains that boosters, who are the main people presenting athletes with gifts, should only be allowed to meet with players at supervised functions. Also, in the article, Notre Dame basketball coach Digger Phelps comments, Make it uniform , watch them closely, and let them know that if they cheat on it, they will lose eligibility(74). This would intimidate boosters from giving gifts and players from taking them. If the state of athletics is improved morally, the academic gains will come. Axthelm also insists that coaches who get caught cheating and leave schools should have their penalties follow them, stating that, Fear of not getting hired again can be a good deterrent(74). All of these rules make sense, for the athletes come and go, and it is the coaches and institutions that are always there. They are the ones that are cheating. .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab , .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .postImageUrl , .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab , .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab:hover , .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab:visited , .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab:active { border:0!important; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab:active , .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u74be20ec2e7710e16b3244c56f623fab:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ethan Frome: Fantasy is an Escape from Winter EssayAs I sit, watching a basketball game between Cincinnati and UNC, the number 1 and number 7 ranked teams in the country, I wonder why those players are at the schools they are. Recalling a quote from Pete Axhelms article, One bitter irony at Tulane is that while many deplored point shaving by a star, few noticed that when the star was shown a printed rundown of his rights, he had difficulty reading it, I realize why they are. It is the institutions that exploit these athletes, luring them to college with gifts and then not providing. They are not providing an education for the athletes; the fundamental thing they are there for. Colleges use these athletes, young and na?ve, to earn more money and win. Thirty-seven percent of scholarship athletes graduate college. The one-thing colleges can promise to athletes, a full scholarship, a free education, they only provide to thirty-seven percent of them. In closing, I feel that it is the institutions, not the athletes who need to be held more responsible for cheating and cover-ups in order to clean up college athletics.

Independence Day essays

Independence Day essays Use of Technology and Special Effects in the Film Independence Day Roland Emmerichs science-fiction film Independence Day,made in 1996, is one of the most spectacular blockbusters of all time, winning even a prize for its truly remarkable special effects sequences. But if this film didnt depend so much on the use of technology for its impact, would it still have the same success? The story itself is about a huge alien mother ship that takes up an orbit around the moon on July 1st. A bunch of smaller ships take off and attack the major cities of the world. A small group of humans lead the fight to eventually save the world. In general, the special effects in the film are really awesome and to what extent did they contribute to this film? On the whole, with technology becoming better we begin to see more and different types of special effects bringing magic onto the screen. Setting, costumes and make-up, computer animation, music and sound effects these are the more modern techniques that are widely used for creating incredible visual effects. In my opinion such technology techniques contribute enormously to modern films as they improve their quality filmmakers create endless possibilities and bring dreams, illusions and fantasies to life. For instance, special effects were very effectively used in Independence Day, considering that there filmmakers had used computers to simulate giant space ships and planets being blown to bits. In addition, the scenes where the aliens started blowing up the city, as well as the end battle between Earth and the aliens enveloped the viewer into perfect illusion. However, it seems to me that this film relied entirely on the use of technology for its impact, because the plot did not move me at all. While watching Independence Day, I got the impression that it was just another film built around the idea that if the ...

School of Computer and Information Sciences Essay - 1

School of Computer and Information Sciences - Essay Example One needs to shape the future through intelligence and learned skills. This has been the reason why I have never hesitated to take into account of what my status in my home country Nepal had been (Assistant Professor) and what I have managed to achieve in the United States (PC Technician). Instead, I believe I make my own destiny by taking control of my actions, career, and future. For my actions, I am accountable to no one but my own conscience (well perhaps to the law). I follow the rationale that if my actions does not harm any one than it cannot be that bad. As long as I respect my neighbors, comply with the law, and go about my own work, I am following the general rule of citizenry. For my career, I believe in shaping it through hard work and intelligent choices. I have never been shy of hard work therefore that is not a problem. Making an intelligent choice needs a bit of consideration. In the course of my study for my Master's degree in Chemistry at CU, Denver I have learned hands-on how to operate the computer from scratch. It took a while with lots of frustration to get the hang of it but I have managed to understand its dynamics. Today, I have knowledge of Windows XP, Vista and Microsoft Office 2007. But what has really sparked my interests in computer science has been the ability to logically manipulate it and create new things out of it. Like chemis try, computers change the way one view and perceive things. It is like a chemistry formula which can transform liquid to gas or to an entirely different form of matter. Computers too change the construct and elements of data to different forms and use for different users. How a few pieces of hardware can modify, develop and present information to the whole world in a different manner is a fascinating phenomenon for me. And like chemistry, I feel, computer science is a logical subject and I would be able to grasp its dynamics in no time.

Modern and Postmodern Western Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Modern and Postmodern Western Music - Essay Example Postmodern era is concerned with more advance technicalities putting forth the hybridism, relativism, heterogeneity, aesthetic hedonism, anti-essentialism and the rejection of grand narratives. The era of modernism is characterized by the movements involving revolution of visual arts, music, literature, and drama which rejected the old Victorian standards. Modernism redefined the art in every facet through increased emphasis on impression. The perspective of observation gained importance over the perspective of standard perception. The reinvention was also evident through the reducing distinction between genres, increased reflexivity, and rejection of formal elaboration. Postmodernism also obeys these rules of reinvention but unlike modernism it finds the ways to celebrate them. While the focus of modernism was literary and art historic sources, postmodernism focused on history and sociology, i.e., the more pressing topics of daily life of people. While modernism was the concept of new beginning postmodernism refers to the nurturing and progressing of those new findings. Postmodern era takes a more world wide view in contrast to modern era and unlike the emphasis on reality in modern era, postmodernism promotes fiction as reality and removes the barrier between imagination and practicality. â€Å"Modernism† and â€Å"postmodernism† concepts are also found to reflect in the music of the respective era. Musical modernism was characterized by the desire for or belief in progress and science, anti-romanticism, surrealism, political advocacy and general intellectualism.

The Ethnic Essay Example for Free

The Ethnic Essay ETHNIC RELATIONS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: THE CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS Abstract This paper looks at the changing ethnic relations in Peninsular Malaysia in terms of the interactions between the state’s policies to advance Malay cultural dominance and reduce ethnic economic inequality and the aspirations and actions of the Chinese community. The state of ethnic relations partly will depend on whether the majority of the ethnic members, in particular the ethnic elites, are pursuing separatist or amalgamative strategies and goals, and on whether the rival ethnic groups stand in positions of marked inequality or near equality to each other. In this sense, since the 1969 ethnic riots, ethnic relations have eluded out right conflicts in part because the rival ethnic communities have pursued mainly amalgamative strategies and goals, and in part because the economic inequality gap has narrowed between the Malays and non-Malays. However, the expanding place of Islam in the Malay personal, and hence collective, identity and the relative success in making social classes more multiethnic have added additional complexities to the future of ethnic relations. Introduction Ethnicity remains the most potent force in Malaysia even if of late its influence has been somewhat adulterated by other social stratification forces, principally class and gender. The potency of ethnicity lies in its ability to combine both affective and instrumental appeals. As members of distinct and self-conscious cultural communities, Malays, Chinese and Indians naturally were inclined to identify with and treasure their respective languages, cultures and religions, and thus actively strived to preserve and propagate them. 1 Since they share a common pool of generalized symbols and values, the ethnic members would primarily socialize and associate with their own. Ethnicity thus continues to constitute an integral constituent of the individual Malaysia psyche and ethnic membership critically demarcates his/her social life and taste. It follows that the effectiveness of affective appeals originates from the evident passionate attachments to a particular ethnicity that continue to sway individual identification and pattern of social life. Passionate attachments are readily excited for the purposes of galvanizing ethnic individuals to preserve, protect and promote their culture, language, and religion. Historically, in Malaysia, the affective appeals also became intimately intertwined with the instrumental pursuit of political and economic goals that aimed to manipulate the system and distribution of rewards in preference of the particular ethnic members. Consequently, because ethnicity combines â€Å"an interest with an affective tie†, ethnic groups were more effective and successful than social classes in mobilizing their members in pursuit of collective ends in Malaysia. In post-independent Malaysia, ethnic relations became entangled and influenced by the rival ethnic communities’ struggle over the cultural constituents of national identity, the share of political power, and the distribution of economic wealth. This paper is divided into two parts. The first part examines the development in the cultural relations and the second part on the economic relations. The Cultural Dimension In the Western European experience, the process of nation building was preceded by or coincided with the cultural process of collective identity formation that was grounded in ethnicity. If and when ethnicity formed the basis of nationality, the construction of a national culture/identity almost always would be based on the dominant ethnic group’s culture with the concurrent marginalization, and usually annihilation, of the minority ethnic groups’ cultures (Smith 1986). In most of the Western European nations, assimilation of the minority ethnic groups into the dominant ethnic group culture became the normative historical experience. The tacit conflation of nation and ethnicity largely arose from the emergence of European nations with relatively homogeneous national cultures. Indeed, the tacit conflation entrenched and perpetuated the notion of a nationalism that imagines the nation in terms of a people sharing a common history, culture, language and territory. In the colonial world, the conflated conception of nationalism powerfully captured the imaginations of most of the national liberation movements. Inspired by 2 the image of a homogenous cultural nation led to efforts by the dominant ethnic groups in the postcolonial world to fashion national cultures out of their own. A result of this was the proliferation of assimilationist policies in many of the postcolonial nationstates. But, given the multiethnic character of nearly all the postcolonial nation-states, the imposition of assimilationist policies regularly resulted in accentuating the relations between the dominant and minority ethnic groups. Although Malaysia is an exception to the rule in terms of not pursuing an outright assimilationist policy, the Malays, nevertheless, persisted on the construction of a national culture founded on their culture. The unequal relation between the Malay and non-Malay cultures was formally recognized and written into the 1957 Constitution2. This was a radical departure from the colonial period where no one ethnic group’s culture was given privileged status and there was no conception of a common national culture. The colonial state moreover practiced an essentially nonintervention policy in the cultural development of the colony and each ethnic group had equal access to and could freely practice their culture in the colonial public space. The postcolonial state played, in contrast, an increasingly interventionist role in the cultural development of the society and actively promoted the public presence of Malay culture. In post-independent Malaysia, the site of cultural contentions was centered over the status and place of the different ethnic groups’ cultures in the public space. To construct a national culture founded on Malay culture necessary would mean the construction of a public space where Malay culture is omnipresence with the nonMalay cultures relegated to the periphery. However, to advance the Malay cultural symbols and Islam in the public space, the state would have to roll back the historically expansive presence of non-Malay cultural symbols in the public space in general and in the urban space in particular. Constitutionally, since the assimilationist notion was abandoned in Malaysia, the predicament was how to advance Malay cultural dominance without alienating the non-Malay communities and violating their rights to practice and to propagate their cultures as guaranteed in the constitution. In short, the ambivalence around the inclusion and exclusion of the non-Malays’ cultures constitutes the key predicament in the construction of the modern Malaysian nation. 3 In the 1960s, the cultural terrain was a fiercely contested arena. This was because, during this period, the majority of Malays and non-Malays held diametrically opposing stances on the cultural, religion and language issues. On the one side, the popular Malay opinion strongly backed the dominant and privileged position of Malay culture in the new nation and expected the state to uphold and promote Malay culture and the official status of Malay language. Consequently, the perceived slow progress made by the state in advancing Malay culture and language led to increasing numbers of Malays, especially the Malay cultural nationalists,3 to become disenchanted with the United Malays National Organization (UMNO) leaders. On the other side, the majority of Chinese vigorously and persitently advocated the equality of status for every culture in the society;4 Mandarin as one of the official languages, equal treatment of Chinese culture and religion, and equal recognition of and rights to education in their mother tongue. The Chinese demand for complete equality was powerfully captured in the notion of a â€Å"Malaysian Malaysia†. The heated cultural contentions considerably envenomed the ethnic relations in the 1960s. In the immediate aftermath of the 1969 ethnic riots, the Malay-dominated state proceeded, aggressively, to reconstitute the public cultural landscape. The National Culture Policy was implemented in 1971 to amplify the symbolic presence of Malay culture and Islam in the public space. Also in 1971, the National Education Policy was executed to incrementally make Malay language as the medium of instruction at all educational levels. Indeed, after 1969, the preeminence of Malay culture in the society became a non-negotiable proposition, and questioning it could result in prosecution under the Sedition Act. Conversely, the pro-Malay cultural policies put the non-Malay communities on the defensive and prodded them to safeguard their cultural presence in and access to the public space. In particular, when the state imposed increasing regulations and restrictions on the their rights to stage public cultural performances or to acquire land to build Chinese schools and places of worship and burial, it induced the Chinese to mobilize to defend and struggle for their cultural space and rights. The impact of the state cultural policies on the ethnic relations over the years depends on several factors. One factor is connected to what was the prevailing conception of Malay culture and the elements of the non-Malay ethnic cultures that 4 could go into the national culture. Another factor has to do with the specific cultural policies formulated and the manner the Malay-dominated state had pursued them. They varying responses of the Malay and Chinese groupings to the state cultural policies constitute another important factor. In the 1970s, pressures from the Malay cultural nationalists pushed the state to strive aggressively to enlarge the presence and function of Malay cultural symbols in the official and public spaces. Since the 1980s, however, pressures from the resurgence of Islam among the Malays led the state to introduce more measures to enhance the â€Å"Islamicization† of the society. Simply put, the state allocated funds and established institutions to research on and propagate Malay arts and cultures, â€Å"altering them where necessary to fit current ideological and religious sensibilities† .

Richard Gatling - The Gatling Gun :: essays research papers

Richard Jordan Gatling was born in January 1818 in Winton North Carolina, and died at the age of 85 in 1903. Gatling's career as an inventor began when he assisted his father in the construction of machines for sowing cottonseeds, and also for thinning cotton plants. He spent a lot of time in the fields with his father who helped him build some of his inventions. Richard Jordan Gatling was a medical doctor with numerous patents for his farm equipment inventions. To his credit he came up with the famous 1862-model Revolving Battery Gun, that is now referred to as the Gatling gun. The 1862-model was one of the first reliable Revolving guns, but still had a few problems that needed to be fixed. Richard was not the first to manufacture a multi-fire weapon, but his was the first multi-fire gun used in war because of its fast, rapid fire, and ease to use. Major General Ben F. Butler purchased 12, 1862-model gatling guns for $1000 each and used them successfully at the battle of Petersburg in 1863. In 1865 Gatling's improved model, the 1865-gun was tested by the Ordnance Department. One of the changes between the improved Gatling gun and the old one, was that the new weapon used rim fire copper-cased cartridges instead of the steel-chambered paper kind. Though this model did not see service, it was adopted officially in 1866. The military was so pleased with the performance of the Gatling gun that it has been used in every battle since it was invented to this day and has been continuously upgraded and improved. Having received government approval, Gatling began to sell his guns throughout the world. This was a big mark in Richards’s future, he had gone from working in the fields to developing a gun that is used throughout the military of the world. The gun was a hand-crank-operated weapon with six barrels revolving around a central shaft. Having a gun that revolves was very difficult because the barrels would not always line up correctly when being fired. The original gun was actually designed to fire the standard military issue paper cartridge of the day, .58 caliber. A .58 caliber bullet has a diameter of an inch and is capable of damaging anything it hits. The paper cartridge was placed inside a steel or brass chamber with a percussion nipple on the back end just like the muzzle loading rifles and pistols of there time.

Reflective Writing on History Taking Essay

The first lecture on history taking that I had attended was conducted by Dr Yambao. It was an introductory lecture in understanding the basis of taking history from the patients and the effective skills on how to come out with a complete history of patients in order to identify one’s disease. It was an interesting lecture to me but far more interesting when I entered the clinical skill learning session (CSL). In CSL classes, I had acquired the idea and illustrations on how history taking is done with the help of Dr Min Zaw Aung, my facilitator for CSL Module. After few classes on CSL, including history taking on presenting illness, past medical, surgical, family and social history as well as history taking in paediatrics and women, I had better acknowledged myself in the process and techniques. However, it wasn’t that easy as I thought to carry out the history taking myself. Dr Min Zaw Aung had taught me very well in doing the history taking. Me and my CSL group members was given cases and practiced on history taking among ourselves with Dr Min Zaw Aung’s guidance. Then, comes the session where I had to do the real history taking, with the real patient at the Kepala Batas Hospital near the campus. I was excited at the beginning as I would be able to see real patients and talk to them. At the hospital, I was assigned a task on history taking in the women’s ward together with my team-mates. Later that day, I became very nervous as I thought that I wasn’t prepared to do the history taking with them. Dr Min Zaw Aung had divided the group in pairs and each pair had to take the history from one of the patient in the ward. The patient that I got was a Malay woman aged 43 years old with diabetes and a wound on her right toe. She was so friendly and she had given a good cooperation so that I and my friend can conduct the history taking very well. At first, I was worried that I will disturb the patient when she is having her rest but then, I know, I had to do this as this is important in  my process of learning in becoming a good doctor in the future. At first, we had applied the skills that were taught by our facilitator. To begin, we put the patient at ease and comfort. My friend and I did the history taking and noted everything that we have to know about her illness so that, we can better diagnose her. All the questions pertaining to patients’ symptoms and chief complaint were being asked; including history of presenting illness, history of past medical and surgical history as well as medication, dietary history, family history and social history. During the processes, I realized that we had to be careful in phrasing our questions, give good verbal and non-verbal cues, differentiate closed and open ended questions and ask relevant questions systemically. This is to ensure that the patient wouldn’t feel disturbed or angry and more pleased to give information. It turned out that, the patient I had met was actually a type 1 diabetic patient since she was 31 years old and she inherited the disease from both her parent. Her injured right toe was swollen and worsens after her first meeting with the doctor. The wound is healing very slowly and it caused bacterial infections which consequently made her feverish. So, she was diagnosed with infection on right toe associated with fever which worsens by her diabetes. After the history taking was done, we had to present the case to our facilitator, Dr Min Zaw Aung. We did the presentation well but still, there were some mistakes that we had made. Dr Min Zaw Aung had helped us in correcting our mistakes and came out with the right diagnosis. He also gave us information regarding our case and explained further about it so that I and my friend understand it better and learn from our mistakes. So, I had finished the CSL session for this semester. I had learned so many things in the classes and sessions with the lecturer especially on history taking. The experiences that I gained are an exposure to me of the medical world before I am able to be in it. All of it is so important in pursuing my medical years as training in becoming a good doctor to thousands and in fact  millions of patient s that I will attend and help in the future.

Homonymy Examples and Definition

The word Homonymy  (from the Greek—homos: same, onoma: name) is the relation between words with identical forms but different meanings—that is, the condition of being homonyms. A stock example is the word bank  as it appears in river bank and savings ​bank. Linguist Deborah Tannen has used the term pragmatic homonymy (or ambiguity) to describe the phenomenon by which two speakers use the same linguistic devices to achieve different ends (Conversational Style, 2005). As Tom McArthur has noted, There is an extensive gray area between the concepts of polysemy and homonymy (Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language, 2005).   Examples and Observations Homonyms are illustrated from the various meanings of the word bear (animal, carry) or ear (of body, of corn). In these examples, the identity covers both the spoken and written forms, but it is possible to have partial homonymy—or heteronymy—where the identity is within a single medium, as in homophony and homography. When there is ambiguity between homonyms (whether non-deliberate or contrived, as in riddles and puns), a homonymic clash or conflict is said to have occurred.(David Crystal. A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 6th ed. Blackwell, 2008)Examples of homonymy are peer (person belonging to the same group in age and status) and peer (look searchingly), or peep (making a feeble shrill sound) and peep (look cautiously).(Sidney Greenbaum and Gerald Nelson, An Introduction to English Grammar, 3rd ed. Pearson, 2009) Homonymy and Polysemy Homonymy and polysemy both involve one lexical form that is associated with multiple senses and as such both are possible sources of lexical ambiguity. But while homonyms are distinct lexemes that happen to share the same form, in polysemy a single lexeme is associated with multiple senses. The distinction between homonymy and polysemy is usually made on the basis of the relatedness of the senses: polysemy involves related senses, whereas the senses associated with homonymous lexemes are not related. (M. Lynne Murphy and Anu Koskela, Key Terms in Semantics. Continuum 2010)Linguists have long distinguished between polysemy and homonymy (e.g., Lyons 1977: 22, 235). Usually, an account like the following is given. Homonymy obtains when two words accidentally have the same form, such as bank land bordering on a river and bank financial institution. Polysemy obtains where one word has several similar meanings, such as may indicating permission (e.g., May I go now?) and may indicating poss ibility (e.g., It may never happen). Since it is not easy to say when two meanings are totally different or unrelated (as in homonymy) or when they are just a little different and related (as in polysemy), it has been customary to adduce additional, more easily decidable criteria.The trouble is that, although helpful, these criteria are not totally compatible and do not go all the way. There are cases where we may think that the meanings are clearly distinct and that we therefore have homonymy, but which cannot be distinguished by the given linguistic formal criteria, e.g., charm may denote a kind of interpersonal attraction and may also be used in physics denoting a kind of physical energy. Not even the word bank, usually given in most textbooks as the archetypical example of homonymy, is clear-cut. Both the financial bank and the river bank meanings derive by a process of metonymy and metaphor, respectively from Old French banc bench. Since bank in its two meanings belongs to the same part of speech and is not associated with two inflectional paradigms, the meanings of bank are not a case of homonymy by any of the above criteria...Traditional linguistic criteria for distinguishing homonymy from polysemy, although no doubt helpful, in the end turn out to be insufficient.(Jens Allwood, Meaning Potentials and Context: Some Consequences for the Analysis of Variation in Meaning. Cognitive Approaches to Lexical Semantics, ed. by Hubert Cuyckens, Renà © Dirven, and John R. Taylor. Walter de Gruyter, 2003)Dictionaries recognize the distinction between polysemy and homonymy by making a polysemous item a single dictionary entry and making homophonous lexemes two or more separate entries. Thus head is one entry and bank is entered twice. Producers of dictionaries often make a decision in this regard on the basis of etymology, which is not necessarily relevant, and in fact separate entries are necessary in some instances when two lexemes have a common origin. The form pupil, for instance, has two different senses, part of the eye and school child. Historically these have a common origin but at present they are semantically unrelated. Similarly, flower and flour were originally the same word, and so were the verbs to poach (a way of cooking in water) and to poach to hunt [animals] on another persons land), but the meanings are now far apart and all dictionaries treat them as homonyms, with separate listing. The distinction between homonymy and polysemy is not an easy one to make. Two lexemes are either identical in form or not, but relatedness of meaning is not a matter of yes or no; it is a matter of more or less. (Charles W. Kreidler, Introducing English Semantics. Routledge, 1998) Aristotle on Homonymy Those things are called homonymous of which the name alone is common, but the account of being corresponding to the name is different...Those things are called synonymous of which the name is common, and the account of being corresponding to the name is the same.(Aristotle, Categories)The sweep of Aristotles application of homonymy is in some ways astonishing. He appeals to homonymy in virtually every area of his philosophy. Along with being and goodness, Aristotle also accepts (or at times accepts) the homonymy or multivocity of: life, oneness, cause, source or principle, nature, necessity, substance, the body, friendship, part, whole, priority, posteriority, genus, species, the state, justice, and many others. Indeed, he dedicates an entire book of the Metaphysics to a recording and partial sorting of the many ways core philosophical notions are said to be. His preoccupation with homonymy influences his approach to almost every subject of inquiry he considers, and it clearly struct ures the philosophical methodology that he employs both when criticizing others and when advancing his own positive theories. (Christopher Shields, Order in Multiplicity: Homonymy in the Philosophy of Aristotle. Oxford University Press, 1999).